How to Ease Thumb Arthritis Pain

Practical tips, simple exercises, and treatment options that can help restore comfort and function.

When arthritis targets the thumb, even simple daily movements can start to feel like major hurdles. Tasks like opening a jar, twisting a doorknob, texting, or carrying a dish may suddenly bring discomfort or stiffness.

Thumb arthritis—most commonly osteoarthritis at the carpometacarpal (CMC) joint where the thumb meets the wrist—is one of the most frequent forms of hand arthritis in the U.S. This joint is essential for gripping, pinching, and stabilizing objects, so when it becomes irritated, it can seriously impact daily life.

We gathered insights from orthopaedic surgeon David Shapiro, MD, and occupational therapist Patty Shimko, OTR/L, to break down the signs of thumb arthritis and the best ways to find relief.

How to Recognize Thumb Arthritis

When the cartilage in the CMC joint deteriorates, its cushioning effect disappears. As the bones move against each other, inflammation, stiffness, and pain can follow.

Common symptoms include:

• Tenderness, swelling, or aching at the base of the thumb
• Pain with pinching or gripping motions
• Discomfort after repeated use
• A noticeable bump or enlarged joint
• Decreased range of motion

These symptoms can interfere with many routine tasks—from buttoning clothes to holding a pen.

Who Is More Likely to Develop Thumb Arthritis?

Osteoarthritis typically becomes more common after age 50, while rheumatoid arthritis tends to appear earlier, between ages 35 and 50.

Although anyone can develop arthritis in the hand, women experience thumb arthritis much more often than men—possibly due to naturally looser joints that place more strain on the CMC joint. Prior injuries to the hand or thumb can also increase risk. And despite the myth, cracking your knuckles doesn’t cause arthritis.

Suspect Thumb Arthritis? Here’s How to Know

If you think arthritis might be the source of your pain, a healthcare provider can confirm it. X-rays can show signs like cartilage loss or bone spurs, and a blood test may help rule out or diagnose rheumatoid arthritis.

At-Home Ways to Relieve Thumb Arthritis Pain

Several simple treatments can help reduce discomfort:

Heat or Ice

Apply a heating pad for 5–15 minutes a few times a day. Some people prefer ice instead. Try both to see which offers more relief.

Pain Medication

Over-the-counter options such as acetaminophen or NSAIDs (like ibuprofen) may help. Using both together—under medical guidance—can sometimes provide stronger relief with lower doses.

Paraffin Wax

Warm wax dips can soothe sore joints and surrounding muscles.

Topical Creams

Anti-inflammatory or warming creams may help calm flare-ups.

Splints

Soft splints that support the thumb (similar to biking gloves with stabilizing straps) can reduce strain. Hard plastic splints—custom or store-bought—may provide additional support.

Reduce Strain on Your Thumbs

Shimko recommends small changes that can reduce stress on painful joints:

• Choose electric can openers instead of manual ones.
• Limit repetitive motions like snipping with scissors or sewing.
• Add foam tubing or padded grips to utensils and tools.
• Use speakerphone to avoid gripping your phone tightly.
• Opt for bags or backpacks over carrying things in your arms.
• Press water out of cloth or laundry by rolling it around a faucet instead of wringing

Gentle Exercises for Thumb Arthritis

Regular mobility exercises can help maintain strength and motion:

1. Massage the fleshy pad beneath your thumb using your opposite hand.
2. Slowly bend the thumb’s lower joint toward your palm, then extend it away.
3. Move your thumb outward from your palm to form an “L” with your index finger.
4. Tap your thumb to each fingertip, one at a time.

What About Supplements?

Hydrolyzed marine collagen is recognized by Health Canada as being helpful in reducing pain related to osteoarthritis and many users report that they notice significant reduction in inflammation.

Other supplements like glucosamine or chondroitin aren’t reviewed by the government health authorities in the same way medications are, and research shows mixed results. Some people find them helpful for pain, but they haven’t been proven to slow arthritis progression. Always talk with a healthcare provider before trying supplements.

Natural foods—such as omega-3-rich fish, nuts, whole grains, and green tea—may also help reduce inflammation.

When Home Treatments Aren’t Enough

If pain persists despite lifestyle changes and home care, your doctor may recommend additional treatments.

Cortisone Injections

Steroid injections can provide meaningful relief for some people. Many physicians suggest trying one or two injections to see if they help.

Surgery

If pain becomes severe and conservative care no longer helps, surgery may be an option.
The most common procedure, ligament reconstruction and tendon interposition (LRTI), involves removing a small wrist bone (the trapezium) and using part of a nearby tendon to stabilize the thumb. Recovery usually includes several weeks in a splint or cast followed by therapy. Many patients experience significant pain relief and improved function afterward.

Living With Thumb Arthritis

Thumb arthritis is common, but you don’t have to live with constant discomfort. Whether through simple home remedies, splints, exercises, or medical treatment, there are many ways to regain comfort and protect your thumb joint. If pain is affecting your daily activities, reach out to a healthcare provider to discuss the best options for relief.

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